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Pareza faciala periferica

Introducere. Notiuni generale

Pareza faciala este rezultatul afectarii nervului facial, care in mod obisnuit asigura inervatia musculaturii de la nivelul fetei (exista o pereche de nervi faciali sau numarul VII, astfel incat fiecare nerv asigura inervatia muschilor de pe jumatate de fata).
Se deosebeste de pareza faciala de tip central (intalnita in accidentele vasculare) prin lipsa deficitului motor la nivelul membrului/membrelor de aceeasi parte si de lipsa tulburarii de limbaj, afectarea fiind strict la nivelul hemifetei. De asemenea afectarea muschilor frontali si orbiculari ai pleoapelor este mai severa in pareza faciala periferica deoarece acesti muschi primesc inervatie din ambele emisfere cerebrale (cortexul motor), in timp ce muschii faciali inferiori primesc inervatie numai de la o emisfera.
Componenta senzitiva/senzoriala e nervului facial este legata de transmiterea sensibilitatii gustative de la nivelul limbii (mai exact 2/3 anterioare) si a sensibilitatii tactile de la nivelul conductului auditiv extern (peretele anterior). (mai mult…)